What is Acne and its causes?Acne is an extremely common skin condition, caused by skin structures consisting of a hair follicle and its associated sebaceous gland. Acne affects the areas of skin with the densest population of sebaceous follicles; these areas include the face, the upper part of the chest, and the back. Severe acne is inflammatory, but acne can also manifest in noninflammatory forms. Acne lesions are commonly referred to as pimples, blemishes, spots, zits, or simply acne.
Acne occurs most commonly during adolescence, affecting more than 89% of teenagers, and frequently continues into adulthood. In adolescence, acne is usually caused by an increase in male sex hormones, which people of both genders accrue during puberty. For most people, acne diminishes over time and tends to disappear—or at the very least decrease—after one reaches one's early twenties. There is, however, no way to predict how long it will take to disappear entirely, and some individuals will carry this condition well into their thirties, forties and beyond.
Aside from scarring, its main effects are psychological, such as reduced self-esteem and, according to at least one study, depression or suicide. Acne usually appears during adolescence, when people already tend to be most socially insecure.
Acne is known to be partly hereditary. Several factors are known to be linked to acne:
Family/Genetic history. The tendency to develop acne runs in families. A family history of acne is associated with an earlier occurrence of acne and an increased number of retentional acne lesions.
Hormonal activity, such as menstrual cycles and puberty. During puberty, an increase in male sex hormones called androgens cause the follicular glands to grow larger and make more sebum.
Inflammation, skin irritation or scratching of any sort will activate inflammation
Development of acne in later years is uncommon. True acne in adult women may be a feature of an underlying condition such as pregnancy. Menopause-associated acne occurs as production of the natural anti-acne ovarian hormone estradiol fails at menopause.
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